The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK)
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The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) is a 17-item self-reported measure which was developed to measure the fear of movement. A high score indicates extreme fear of movement while a low score indicates a negligible fear of movement.
J.W.S. Vlaeyen, A.M.J. Kole-Snijders, R.G.B. Boeren, H. van Eek, Fear of movement/(re)injury in chronic low back pain and its relation to behavioral performance, Pain. 62 (1995) 363–372. doi:10.1016/0304-3959(94)00279-N.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=TSK%5BTitle%5D&sort=
Each item is scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 to 4). The response format and numerical values are the following: (1) strongly disagree, (2) disagree, (3) agree, and (4) strongly agree. The score of the items 4, 8, 12 and 16 should be inversed for the calculation of the final score which can range from 17 to 68 and which is obtained by adding up the values of the different items.
For each of the following questions, we would like you to answer each question with one of the following options: strongly disagree, disagree, agree and strongly agree. Please read each question and click in the corresponding box.
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| Strongly disagree | Disagree | Agree | Strongly agree | |
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1.I’m afraid that I might injury myself if I exercise |
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2.If I were to try to overcome it, my pain would increase |
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3.My body is telling me I have something dangerously wrong |
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4.My pain would probably be relieved if I were to exercise |
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5.People aren’t taking my medical condition seriously enough |
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6.My accident has put my body at risk for the rest of my life |
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7.Pain always means I have injured my body |
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8.Just because something aggravates my pain does not mean it is dangerous |
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9.I am afraid that I might injure myself accidentally |
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10.Simply being careful that I do not make any unnecessary movements is the safest thing I can do to prevent my pain from worsening |
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11.I wouldn’t have this much pain if there weren’t something potentially dangerous going on in my body |
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12.Although my condition is painful, I would be better off if I were physically active |
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13.Pain lets me know when to stop exercising so that I don’t injure myself |
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14.It’s really not safe for a person with a condition like mine to be physically active |
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15.I can’t do all the things normal people do because it’s too easy for me to get injured |
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16.Even though something is causing me a lot of pain, I don’t think it’s actually dangerous |
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17.No one should have to exercise when he/she is in pain |
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